This place was celacon green manufacturing spot on the developing way from earthenware to porcelain. This pottery kiln is located on 22°inclined space and its size Celadon Green was made using routh soil and painted green color on it and there are a lot of pores it, therefore its surface is rough.

It was made approximately A.D. 9th~10th Century(End of Silla Dynasty~Early of Koryo Dynasty) and it was supplied for rice and high rank person at first, but it was supplied to common citizens

Size of this tree is 22m x 5.3m(Height Circumference) and it is 500 years old tree, and it is grown in Korea, Japan and China etc.

Its yellow-white flower is blossomed in August and the flower ’ s size is 12~15㎝ and it includes Rutin ingredient and it is very effective for high blood pressure etc.

Its fruit can be harvested in October and it is used for healthiness medicine. It has beautiful tree shape and leaves shape and our ancient sholars planted this tree beside their institute, it is worldwide famous landscaping tree and very strong against pollution, therefore it is suitable tree for road, garden and park etc

Ryusanulmyo is located on Geumsan in Gyeongseo-dong, Seo-got. In this tomb site, there are several tombs of Ryu family of Munhwa, and there are some tombstones in front of Ryusanulmyo that were established in much later generation with the ritual stone, Muninseok and tombstone that was written by Sung Gu-yong.

Name of Ryusanul (1375~1440) was I-haeng and the pen name was Munsook, and was born as a son of Ryu Im.
He passed the examination for Saengwon at the age of 16 in early Joseon Dynasty (1392-1910) and in the 2 nd year of King Taejo (1393) passed the national examination at the age of 18 and served as Byeongjo Jeongrang and others. He passed the national higher examination in the 7 th year of King Taejong (1407) and became Saheonbu Jangryeong. In the 9 th year of King Taejong (1409), he was a Jipui of Saganwon and impeached Min Mugu and Min Mu-jil, the in-laws of King Taejong (younger brothers of Queen Mungyeong, wife of King Taejong), but exiled to Anak of Hwanghae-do. Sometime later, he served the government again, but was exiled again to Anak in the 16 th year of King Taejong (1416). However, he was released soon and became the governor of Gyeongsang-do. Thereafter, he served as Dosunmunsa of Hamgyeong-do, governor of Gangwon-do and eventually became the Mayor of Seoul in the 5 th year of King Sejong (1423). Thereafter, in the 10 th year of King Sejong (1428) he was the Yeomungwan Daejehak and went to Ming Dynasty of China as the envoy, and became Dongji Chungchuwonsa in the 14 th year of King Sejong (1432).

Ryusanul lost his parents early and studied hard under his uncle and knew well of Scriptures with the talent in writing. In particular, he had profound knowledge in music that, while serving as Yeomungwan Daejehak, he also served as Akhak Jejo to critic the writing in <Ceremonial Music>, and he worked on <Jinjak Gasa> in the 16 th year of King Sejong (1434) to publish on <Jeakbu>. He made great contributions in establishing the ceremonial music along with Park Yeon.

Jo Seo-gang Myo is located in the middle of the mountain ridge on the left side of Seoknam-dong Gyeongin Energy Entry. The tomb is surrounded with the rectangular standing stones, and there is a pair of tombstones and muninseok (standing stone of literary man) in front of the tomb. On the monument that says <Tomb of Gaseon Daebusa Jo Champangong> has a jaded stone that was engraved a lotus flower, and the writings on the back of the monument has been worn out not to be legible. The stone productions around the tomb of Jo Seo-gang and the tomb area are the works in early Joseon and are the only ones in the Incheon area that maintain the complete shapes. Jo Seo-gang (?~1444) was a son of vassal of merit for national founder Jo Ban. He passed the national examination on the 14 th year of King Taejong (1415) to become a government official. In the 13 th year of King Sejong (1431), he became Gijugwan of Chunchugwan to participate in the publication of King Taejong Record. Thereafter he served as the governor of Gyeongsang-do, Hyeongjo Chamui and other positions. He also served as the Doseungji to serve the king in near distance and passed away as the I-jo Champan on the 26 th year of King Sejong (1444).

In his later years, he resigned from the position of I-jo Champan, and retired to stay at Gajeong, the cottage of his father Jo Ban. When he came down to Gajeong, King Sejong sent the palace painter to draw the appearance of Gajeong, and many scholars wrote poems with Gajeong as the theme, and Prince Anpyeong collected the poems to publish the poetry and painting collection named <Drawing of Seokho Gajeong Cottage>.When he passed away on March 10 of the 26 th year of King Sejong, King Sejong sent 30 sacks of rice and bean, 10 rolls of paper with Gwan Gwak as the officer to oversee the funeral. However, it is not clear whether he lived his later years in Gajeong and he might stayed here just for a brief period of time in between his posts in the government.

This Jiseokmyo is placed on the hallow ridge that is stretched on east-west direction from Gahyeonsan of Daegok-dong (sometimes called as Hwanggol), Seo-gu and it has the mixed use of northern style and southern style.

Jiseokmyos are generally lined up with the direction of the ridge in general and most of them are in destroyed condition by buried or scattered. Since it has the same line with the typical northern style Jiseokmyo that build up the lower structure by using the base stone, it is valued as important data of the Jiseokmyo study in the western coast area and the north side of the Hangang area. Jiseokmyo is one of the tombs that represented the Bronze Age in the Korean Peninsular.

The study on the Jiseokmyo that has been attracting the attention from the early times since it was easy to discover has been relatively active. However, in the event of Daegok-dong, there has yet to be an excavation on Jiseokmyo, and the trend is that there is a growing case of discovery by the recent surveys, which attract attention of people. The actual view on the lower structure is not known since the actual discovery has not been made, but looking from the outside, the northern style and the southern style (open stone style) are mixed.

Sim Jeup (1569∼1644) was a government official during King Injo of the Joseon Dynasty (1392-1910). His name was Jasoon, pen name was Namae, and pen name was Hyogan. At the age of 28, he passed the national examination in 1596 (29 th year of King Seonjo), and served as Hyeongjo, Gongjo, and Yeojo Panseo. In particular, during the Uprising of Lee Gwal, King Injo moved his Palace to Gongju, and he followed the king to serve, and later became a vassal of merit for Hojong.

Sindobi has the height of 1.9m, length of 0.85m, and width of 0.53m, and the writing on the tombstone was done by Song Si-yeol, inscribed by Hong Bong-jo with Yoo Cheok-gi. Tombstone was allowed in Joseon Dynasty for 2-grade position or higher, and there are many tombstones remaining to the present time including Geonwonreung of King Taejo in Yangju, Jeong Nan-jong Sindobi of Ansan, Yi Soon-sin Sindobi of Asan and many others.

Sukui Moon Myo is located on the mountain ridge on the left side of the Training Center of the Bank of Korea in Simgok-dong. This tomb was in extremely bad shape with the tombstone buries under the ground, but Ryu Hui-jin searched and found the tomb and tombstone in 1947, and the tomb was reshaped and the tombstone re-erected, and the tombstone said of <Tomb of Sukui Moon, the royal harem of King Munjong>. At this time, the <Tomb Name> of Moon Sukui written on white porcelain was discovered and has been placed in the Incheon Civic Museum now. The area for Sukui Moon Myo was expanded and repaired in 1974. Sukui Moon (1426~1508) was a royal harem of King Munjong. According to the <name of the tomb>, Sukui Moon was born as the second daughter to Moon Min-ji, Mangjok Moon Family. Her grandfather was Mun Hyo-jeong who was Bangjungchu Wonsa under King Sejong, and her great grandfather was Mun Dal-han who was devoted as Sunpyeonggun under King Gongmin of Goryeo. Sukui Moon was born in the 8 th year of King Sejong, and entered into the palace as the royal harem to King Munjong on the 24 th year of King Sejong (1442) when she was 17 years old.
After King Munjong passed away, she was promoted as Soyong in early King Sejo, became Sukui in early King Myeongjoong, and passed away at the age of 83 years old in the 3 rd year of King Jungjong (1508). Sukui Moon worked hard in living fair and just ays with the basis of general personality that she was well respected but, unfortunately, she did not have offsprings. On eptember 26, of the third year of King Jungjong, she was buried in Gawon, Bupyeong.

The name of the tomb excavated from Simgok-dong, Seo-gu, Incheon indicated the stone base buried under the tomb with the personal information, location of the tomb and sitting position of the dead and this type of burial was developed fully in Joseon Dynasty. Sukui Moon (1426~1508) was a royal harem of King Munjong and passed away at the age of 83 years old in the 3 rd year of King Jungjong (1508), and the tomb is located in Simgok-dong, Seo-gu. The tomb name of two pieces of plates from here were Cheolhwa White Porcelain Tomb Name that baked the porcelain clay, and inscribed the writing with the paint material of iron element that it had the work accomplishment of Sukui Moon in detail on the front, and the backside had the categories of ‘Chapter 1’ and ‘Chapter 2’.

Gajeongji has its monument on the 100m of distance to the west from the 4-way intersection of 456 Gajeong-dong. Originally, it was on the hill of a little mountain in the village, the small mountain was flattened by the implementation of the city planning that the tombstone was erected on the old point. Gajeongji is a cottage of Jo Ban who was a vassal of merit for national founder for Joseon Dynasty, but the place has only the foundation remaining. On the ancient writing of <Bupyeong Bueupji>, it was written as <Gajeong is in Seogot-myeon and this is where Bokheunggun Jo Ban has his cottage>.

It was estimated to be 1400 (the second year of King Jeongjo) when Jo Ban built the cottage, and the reason of settlement here was that this is the hometown of his mother’s family (Hapcheon Lee). However, according to <Bupyeong Bueupji>, Jo Seo-gang, the son of Jo Ban, came down here after serving E-jo Champan. King Sejong summoned him to serve the government a number of times but he refused that King Sejong finally sent him a painter to draw a picture of the place where he lived.

Therefore, Gajeong was once a topic of poems of great writers. Prince Anpyeong collected those poems to make a drawing collection and dedicated it for his father, King Taejong, with the name of <Seokho Gajeong Cottage Drawing>. Jo Ban (1341~1401) went to Yeongyeong at the age of 12 with his father during the reign of King Gongmin of Goryeo, and learned Chinese writing and Mongolian language from his brother-in-law, Inpyeongjang, and he served the Chinese government with the recognition of the Prime Minister, Taltal. Returning home, he was appointed as Pando Panseo in the 8 th year of King Woowang (1382), went to Ming Dynasty as Jeongjogyeomjucheongsa to obtain the approval of the pen name and succession of the king, and went to Ming Dynasty again in the 11 th year of King Woowang (1385) as the envoy of appreciation.

At this time, when Lee Gwang, a servant of Yeom Hong-bang who had many wrongdoings with Im Gyeon-mi took away his land, Jo Ban killed Lee Gwang and burnt down his house. Yeom Hong-bang subsequently accused Jo Ban of rebellion to send Jo Ban and his family to prison. However, Woowang who hated the wrongdoings of Yeom Hong-bang conferred with Choi Young and Yi Seong-gye released Jo Ban with the order of the king and executed Yeom Hong-bang, Im Gyeon-mi and others. In 1389, he went to Ming Dynasty to inform the inauguration of King Gongyang. In 1392, when Lee Sunggye founded Joseon, he contributed greatly that he was rewarded with the second-degree vassal merit of national founder with the title of Bokheung-gun. On the 6 th year of King Taejo (1397), he attempted to visit Ming Dynasty as the regular envoy but was stopped by Deungju of Sadong bando and returned to Joseon. Jo Ban served as Jijungchuwonsa, Panjungchu Wonsa and Samchan Munha Busa under Joseon Dynasty, and passed away in the first year of King Taejong (1401).

On his tombstone, there is a poem written by Ijo Champan Jo Seo-gang who enjoyed his waning moment in this place on the back of the tombstone.

Seunghanseungildochonga Sipnibanggyomansuhwa

Banchigiryomusagaek Taepyeongchunhongjagamgwa

Arriving in the village on a fine day with lazy moment, beautiful prairie has many flowers blossoming. Drunk on the way back on a donkey, the joy of peaceful time makes me to love it.

Yeonhui Station Site is located in the Sogot business office in Yeonhui-dong. Along with Hwadojin, Yeonhuijin Station was the gateway to the capital and was a wls that was established in response to the opening of Incheon and Bupyeong area as the open port.

Completion of Yeonhuijin Station was on July 1 of the 16 th year of King Gojong (1879) prior to the opening of Incheon Port.

Eoyeong General Sin Jeong-hui and Ganghwa Yusu Lee Gyeong-ha built the station and battery and named them Yeonhuijin Station and Hwadojin Station, respectively, and Yeonhuijin Station looked over the battery of Bypyeong (currently Seogot) coast and Hwadojin Station looked over the battery of the Incheon coast area.

However, Yeonhuijin Station was abolished on June 28, 1882, the 19 th year of King Gojong immediately after Imo Gunran with Hwadojin Station belonged to chief of training, and the reason of abandonment of Yeonhuijin Station was not known. At this time, with Yeonhuijin Station abandoned, the battery in the Bupyeong area under the jurisdiction of Yeonhuijin Station was deemed to transfer into the jurisdiction of Hwadojin Station.

Thereafter, in December 1883, the 21 st year of King Gojong, Giyeon Haebangyeong was established in Bupyeong Part, and transferred to Manrichang Station in Yongsan in March of the next year. Giyeon Haebangyeong was a military base established to control the navy in three provinces of Gyeonggi, Chungcheong and Hwanghae that it integrated right camp and back camp of the military camp in the 25 th year of King Gojong to reorganize as the military camp. After Giyeon Haebangyeong was transferred to Yongsan, it became the Bupyeong Giyeon Haebangyeong.

The purpose of Giyeon Haebangyeong established in Bupyeong was to strengthen the national defense from the Incheon Port and its surrounding area, however, since the Bupyeong base is on the plains with no hiding space on the front that it moved into Yongsan of Gyeonggang.

Jungsimseongji is located on Gyeongmyeonghyeon (Jingmaengi Hill) that goes over from Bupyeong to Seogot. Jungsimseong was a fortress built along the west-east ridge with Gyeongmyeonghyeon as the center, and it has completely disappeared with the foundation stone of its gate, Gonghaeroo, remaining. The reason that there is no stone left is that the US military took away all the stones for certain construction after the liberation. Jungsimseong was constructed in straight-line shape along the ridge of Gyeyangsan. Jungsimseong had <Jungsimsa Monument> about 20 meters down on the west from the main gate (Gyeongmyeongmun). According to this monument, Jungsimseong was constructed by Bupyeong Busa Park Hui-bang by mobilizing the residents with the order of the government in October 1883, the 20 th year of King Gojong with the name of the fortress gate as Gyeongmyeongmun, and a pavilion on the gate was named as Gonghaeroo, and the fortress was named as Jungsimseong, meaning that the fortress was built by gathering the devotion of residents. The year that Jungsimseong was built was the year to open Incheon Port that the national defense policy had the focus in defending the west coast after the Byeongin Yangyo (1866). On the hill, there is a tower gate to have Gyeongmyeongmun on the below with given the name of tower gate as Gonghaeroo, and had Bupyeong 8 Gyeong on the tower.

Chukgot Signal-fire site is located in the ridge of Chukgotsan in Gajeong-dong. <Bupyeong Bueupji> On the signal-fire group, it says that <Chukgotsan signal-fire responds to the Incheon Seongsan signal-fire on the south with the distance of 25-ri (10 km) and responds to the Gimpo Baekseoksan signal-fire on the north with the distance of 20-ri (8 km).> Therefore, the Chukgot signal-fire responds to Seongsan signal-fire to the south and Baekseoksan signal-fire on the north. Chukgot signal-fire, like the Seongsan signal-fire, is a peak starting from Suncheon, and it reaches to Geomdan Baekseoksan, Tongjin Suanseongsan, Ganghwa Jingangsan, Gyodong Hwagaesan signal-fire and again goes through Ganghwa Haeumsan, Ganghwa Songaksan, Tongjin Namsan, Gimpo Bukseongsan, Yangcheon Hwagaesan and finally link to the fifth peak of Namsan, Seoul. According to the words, the Incheon area had these two signal-fire sets and one in the Jemulpo hill (place of Hotel Olympus now) and Geumsan of Gyeongseo-dong. In Joseon Dynasty, there was an auxiliary line, Ganbong, in addition to the Jikbong. Therefore, there was a signal-fire of long distance that directly connected the mid-region in between the main peaks. In addition, there was signal-fire of short-distance that reports to the Bonjin Boneup from the front signal-fire of the national boundary. These two signal-fire sites were established as gambong to report the appearance of foreign vessels in the later part of Joseon Dynasty that it is linked to Seoul, although the connecting points are not known.

Heoamji is located on the northern side of Heoamsan of Geamam-dong and it was an old house where the government servant Chung Hui-ryang of Yeonsan lived. Currently, only a few traces are remained on the foundation.

In the <Bupyeong Bueupji> ancient writing, <Heoam was located under Heoamsan of Mowolgot-myeon, and Hanllim scholar Chung Hui-ryang lived here with his pen name to be called as Heoam, but he disappeared that no one knows where he passed away.> Looking at the above, the pen name of Chung Huiryang, Heoam, was taken from Heoamsan.

Chung Hui-ryang of the middle of Joseon Dynasty had his permanent base in Haeju, Subu for name, and Heoam for pen name. He was born to Cheorwon Busa Yeongyeong in Seoul in 1469 (King Yeojong). He studied under Kim Jong-sik who was the head of Sarim Sector, and passed the examination of Saengwon with the best score in 1492 (23 rd year of King Seongjong). In 1495 (first year of King Yeonsangun), he passed the national examination be become a hanlim, and went exile with the crime of writing an appeal on King Yeonsangun.

From the younger days, he was smart, and he began his career by passing the exanimation for Saengwon when he was 20 years of age. He had the high integrity that he did not like to stay or talk with bad persons.

In addition, he was famous for his outstanding writing, and in particular, he had profound knowledge and understanding in science of divination. When he was in the government, King Seongjong passed away. Heoam wore the clothes and wrote an essay that ‘we die for King Seongjong’ along with the students at Seongkyungwan and this writing caused a problem that took him to the exile. In 1496, (second year of King Yeonsangun), he was so well known for his literacy that he became sagadokseo along with Kim Jeon, Sin Yong-gae, and Kim Il-son. In 1497, he became the Yeomungwan Daegyo and captured the heart of the king that he presented 10 suggestions for the king including to be diligent for learning with straight mind. In the next year, he participated in <Record of King Seongjong> publication as the Seonmurang Haengyeomungwan Bonggyo.

During the Muo Sahwa, he was impeached along with Sin Yong-gae and Kim Jeon by Yoon Pil-sang and others for the issue of Sacho, and with the accusation of knowingly not reporting the crimes for 100 poundings and 3,000-ri of exile that we was sent to Uiju and then exiled to Gimhae. While he was in exile, his mother passed away but he was unable to go home since he was a criminal. In the next year, he was released from the exile and given his prior post, but he was not to be served as Daegan Hongmungwan position. When his mother passed away in the same year, he devoted himself to his mother’s tomb in Goyang, and disappeared with all his servants were released on the Dano Day. Servants who came back home sought for Heoam but the pair of his shoes were found along the beach of Hangang. People though he was drowned but he was nowhere to find. At this time, he was living in Geoamsan in Geomam-dong, Seogot in Bupyeong, and intentionally disappeared since he would be in adverse situation if the tyrant King Yeonsangun found out. village of Hamgyeong-do at that time.

He was smart, knowledgeable, and talented in literature and art as well as the learning of yang and ying, but did not have much though on personal achievement. A story had it that he was living off poor layperson in Poongdeok, Gaepoong-gun and disappeared. However, thereafter, Chung Hui-ryang changed his name to Yi Cheon-nyen and toured Andong, Myohyangsan and other mountain areas, and eventually finished his life in Simwon-dong, Jeongju-gun, and Pyeonganbuk-do. Currently, his descendants came to South Korea from Jeongju of Pyeongbuk and live in Bupyeong. Chung Hui-ryang was honest, without will to be prosperous, and had fine talents in writing and poetry and learning of yang and ying. There is a poem that Chung Hui-ryang left when he disappeared in the Gimpo riverside area. On the poem, "Cold wave is made on the river at sunset; the single boat is already on the other side, which the wind will blood nastily over the night." He also wrote on the walls of Gacheon that says that, "a bird look over the collapsed hole of the fence, and rings the spring water in the mid-day sunset. Where is the end of the world for the guest who has house in the mountains and water?"

"Surprised from the storm of yesterday, I waived the time of civilization. I would play in the earth with the troubled heart and not even writing a poem even if the noise is hated." Lee Haeng was passing by this area and thought the poem was surely written by Heoam that he asked people there.

They said that a monk with ragged clothes passed the area a moment earlier. He was well known for the learning of yang and ying from the early days, and he went to well-known fortunetellers to test them but he said that with the exception of Jubu Oh Soon-hyeong all were not good. He also was good at chukjibeop (legendary method of fast walking). When he was young, his father worked in a small town in Gangwon-do. One evening, he told his mother that he would have to see his father. After a few hours, he returned with his father’s letter to surprise his mother. Many members of the Chung family of Haeju that lived in Geomam-dong now are the descendents of Chung Hui-sin, younger brother of Deoam Chung Hui-ryang. Since there are many descendents of Chung Hui-ryang living in the Hamgyeong-do area, Heoam was deemed to live in retreat in a deep mountainvillage of Hamgyeong-do at that time.

The very first expressway of Korea, Gyeongin Expressway, had the groundbreaking ceremony on March 24, 1967. Gyeongin Expressway opened on December 21, 1968, for the zone of Tollgate in Gajwa-dong, Incheon to Yeongdeungpo of Seoul followed by the opening of July 20, 1969, for the zone of Gajwa-dong, Sinheung-dong, to No. 2 dock for the total length of 29.5km in 4 lanes. With the economic development plan for modernization was undertaken, this is the first result of the revolution of road. In the Korean economy that was entering into the high level of economic growth had the industrial facilities expanding with the demand for transportation were accelerating, and all the economic activities were getting faster and larger. Therefore, the government worked hard to modernizing the road. During the first economic development 5-year plan, it injected 3.9 billion won to make the road cleared nationally, but the road condition was not broken away from the desired circumstances.

However, the road revolution was the target of the national tasks that, in the second Economic Development 5-year Plan and i30.2 billion won of national financing was to invest and focusing on the road development by enacting the Road Clearance Promotion Act. As such, the government focused on the road development project that Gyeongin Expressway that commenced the work in March of 1967 injected the total budget of 3.38 million won with 80,000 heavy equipment, 870,000 workers, for the length of 93.9km and with the width of 20.4km in 4 lanes. The completion of this Gyeongin Expressway made great contribution to the industrial development of Korea as well as influencing greatly to the development of Incheon. In addition, the Expressway tied Seoul and Incheon as the west-east living sphere to contribute in the regional development. It promoted the development of Incheon as the port city and industrial city, with the great contribution to the economic growth of Korea as well as relaxation of Korea.

However, with the increase of traffic volume following the industrial development, there is a severe traffic problem that the expansion works on the Expressway were done for Seoul (Sinwol-dong) to West Incheon IC for eight lanes and West Incheon to No. 2 Dock for six lanes that began on October 19, 1994 to December 2, 1998.